- The kinds of geothermal systems are classified into closed loop and open loop depending upon the configured circuits of the
.. pipes (heat exchangers) to collect geotherm.
- Open loop systems are classified into vertical and horizontal systems depending upon the shapes of loops; the vertical
.. system is buried at 100∼150m depth and the horizontal system is buried at 1.2∼1.8m depth to be used for relatively small
.. heating/cooling load.
- Open loop system has open pipes to transfer the water supplied from the catchment area, lake, river, and well and is used at
.. the place where the water source is sufficient.
- The close loop system has high thermal transmission efficiency because the geotherm is directly collected through the open
.. pipes compared with the heat exchange between the thermal media (water or antifreezing solution) in the pipes and the
.. geothermal source but has the disadvantage of high installation cost and required maintenance compared with close loop
.. system.